Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Journal of Crop Health, cilt.78, sa.1, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) is a valuable medicinal and aromatic plant frequently cultivated in rotation with cereals, especially in the arid regions of Central Anatolia, Türkiye. However, the proximity of cumin fields to winter wheat areas exposes them to the risk of herbicide drift and soil carry-over, particularly from ALS/AHAS-inhibiting herbicides extensively used for post-emergence weed control in wheat. This study aimed to evaluate the phytotoxic effects of simulated herbicide drift and carry-over on cumin under field conditions. Field experiments were carried out across two growing seasons (2022–2023) at three locations characterized by differing soil and climatic conditions: Akşehir (Konya), Eskişehir, and Haymana (Ankara). The drift experiment involved applying sub-lethal doses (0.125, 0.0625, 0.0313, and 0.01 of the recommended field dose X) of sulfosulfuron, chlorsulfuron, tribenuron-methyl, thifensulfuron-methyl + tribenuron-methyl, 2,4‑D ester, and 2,4-D + florasulam to cumin at the 2–4 leaf stage. The carry-over experiment simulated soil residues of the same herbicides at 0.25, 0.125, and 0.0625 of the recommended field dose applied before sowing. Results showed that cumin is highly sensitive to sulfonylurea herbicides even at very low drift rates, with Eskişehir exhibiting the highest injury and yield losses, followed by Konya and Ankara. Carry-over effects were also significant, especially on the high-lime and slightly alkaline soil of Ankara, where sulfosulfuron and chlorsulfuron reduced yields by more than 50% at the 1/4X rate. In contrast, 2,4-D + florasulam caused the least injury and yield reduction. These findings highlight the urgent need for drift mitigation, pre-plant soil bioassays, and careful herbicide selection to safeguard cumin production in cereal-based rotations.