Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is the cause of sudden and painless vision loss in adults over 50 years of age. It presents as a decrease in visual acuity, an altitudinal scotoma in the visual field, and edema of the optic nerve head. Conventional imaging methods such as fundus fluorescein angiography cannot show perfusion disorders. However, new generation methods such as optical coherence tomography angiography can detect it partially. Although many theories have been put forward in the etiopathogenesis of the disease, the most widely accepted theory is the development of acute ischemia due to deterioration in the posterior ciliary circulation. Acute ischemia may occur due to thromboembolic or non-thromboembolic causes such as hypotension, vasculopathies, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Although some treatment methods such as corticosteroids, antiaggregants are applied in the disease, its effects are limited and there is still no definitive treatment method. The research for treatment modalities that can improve the visual prognosis after NAION still continues. This review aims to contribute to the treatment strategies that can be applied by evaluating the current methods developed in NAION disease