Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Journal of Molecular Structure, cilt.1367, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Engrailed-2 (EN2) is a promising biomarker associated with prostate cancer, highlighting the need for sensitive and selective detection platforms suitable for early diagnosis. In this study, a novel electrochemical immunosensor was developed based on a Fe₃O₄/APTES/GO nanocomposite-modified screen-printed electrode for EN2 detection. The integration of 3-(aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTES) enabled efficient surface functionalization by acting as a molecular linker between magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and immobilized anti-EN2 antibodies, thereby providing a stable and reproducible sensing interface. Under optimized conditions, the proposed immunosensor exhibited a low limit of detection of (LOD = 41 nM) with a linear detection range of (75–150 nM). To evaluate its applicability in biologically relevant environments, the sensor performance was validated using an artificial serum matrix prepared according to literature-reported formulations. Selectivity studies revealed that common biological interferents, including albumin, lysozyme, urea, and ascorbic acid, caused signal variations of <5%, confirming the high specificity of the immunosensor toward EN2. Shelf-life evaluation indicated that the sensor maintained stable electrochemical responses for up to 12 days, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.7%, highlighting its robustness and short-term storage stability. Diagnostic performance assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis yielded an area under the curve (AUC) value of approximately 0.65, indicating moderate discriminative capability within a proof-of-concept framework. Overall, the Fe₃O₄/APTES/GO-based electrochemical immunosensor represents a promising preclinical sensing platform for EN2 detection, offering advantages such as ease of fabrication, high selectivity, and compatibility with point-of-care diagnostic applications.