IFSCOM-E 2023 International IFS and Contemporary Mathematics and Engineering Conference, Mersin, Türkiye, 8 - 11 Temmuz 2023, cilt.2, ss.109-116
This paper presents a prey-predator model that incorporates the
trait-mediated fear effect and its carry-over effect, as well as the prey defense
mechanism of prey refuge. The functional response considered in the model
is the Holling-I type. Additionally, to account for memory within the system,
we analyze the Caputo fractional order version of the proposed model. The
obtained results are also supported by numerical simulations.