Switchable deep eutectic solvents: types, sample preparation strategies, and applications in food and environmental analysis


Shahzad S., Arain M. B., SOYLAK M.

Microchemical Journal, cilt.224, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus) identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Derleme
  • Cilt numarası: 224
  • Basım Tarihi: 2026
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.microc.2026.117450
  • Dergi Adı: Microchemical Journal
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Index Islamicus
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Applications, Sample preparation techniques, Switchable deep eutectic solvents, Switching mechanism
  • Erciyes Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a class of green solvents that attract much attention due to their high biodegradability, eco-friendly nature, ease of synthesis, and tuning capability. However, conventional DESs often suffer difficulty in phase separation, which limits their effectiveness in extraction. Switchable deep eutectic solvents (SDESs) represent an innovative class of DESs, for their unique ability to transition between hydrophilic and hydrophobic states in response to external stimuli, such as changes in temperature, pH, or the introduction of gases like CO2 or N2. The switching feature of SDESs is efficiently utilized in microextraction procedures for extracting diverse analytes. Based on the multiple advantages of SDESs, this review explores SDESs, their classification based on the switching stimuli, and the extraction mechanism. Moreover, the review evaluates the role of SDESs in various SDES-based liquid-phase microextraction techniques (SDES-LPME) with the recently published studies. Furthermore, the food and environmental applications of SDES-LPME methods are described in detail. By highlighting these aspects, the review underscores the novel role of SDESs as a versatile and green alternative in contemporary analytical chemistry.