A High-Performance GNP@Fe3O4 Nanohybrid-Based Electrochemical Sensor for Trace-Level Detection of Gallic Acid in Food Products
Food Analytical Methods, cilt.19, sa.11, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 19 Sayı: 11
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s12161-026-03241-2
- Dergi Adı: Food Analytical Methods
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Compendex, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, INSPEC, Natural Science Collection (ProQuest), Biological Science Database (ProQuest)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Food samples, Gallic acid, Graphene nanoplates, Iron oxide nanoparticles, Magnetic nanocomposite electrochemical sensor, Screen-printed carbon electrode
- Erciyes Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Gallic acid (GA) is widely utilized in food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. However, its excessive consumption may lead to adverse effects such as gastrointestinal irritation and neurological complications. In this work, a cost-effective room-temperature fabrication approach is presented for the synthesis of magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). The fabricated GNP@Fe3O4 hybrid nanocomposite was successfully characterized using various analytical techniques such as Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) to confirm its crystalline nature, phase purity, functional group information, surface morphology, and elemental composition. The graphene nanoplatelet and magnetic iron oxide-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (GNP@Fe3O4/SPCE) was used for the ultrasensitive electrochemical monitoring of GA in food samples. The fabricated GNP@Fe3O4/SPCE sensor demonstrated an excellent electrochemical response toward GA, achieving a low limit detection of limit (LOD) of 0.0009 μM over a wide linear concentration range of 0.08–80 μM. Moreover, low relative standard deviation values from selectivity, stability, reproducibility, and repeatability studies confirm the sensor's high reliability and analytical performance for GA detection. The fabricated GNP@Fe3O4/SPCE sensor also exhibited excellent sensing performance, enabling accurate determination of GA in different synthetic and naturally occurring food samples with recovery values ranging from 96.8% to 102.6%. Therefore, the GNP@Fe3O4 nanocomposite modified electrode provides a promising platform for the development of next-generation electrochemical sensors for the determination of GA in real food samples.