Switchable solvent-based liquid phase microextraction of Sudan dyes in food and water samples with HPLC-DAD

Ahmed H. E. H., GÜMÜŞ Z. P., SOYLAK M.

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, cilt.139, 2025 (SCI-Expanded) identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 139
  • Basım Tarihi: 2025
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.107099
  • Dergi Adı: Journal of Food Composition and Analysis
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, PASCAL, Analytical Abstracts, BIOSIS, Biotechnology Research Abstracts, CAB Abstracts, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, Veterinary Science Database
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Food, Liquid chromatography, Liquid-liquid micro extraction, Sudan dyes, Switchable Solvents
  • Erciyes Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

In this study, an environmentally friendly switchable hydrophilicity solvent (SHS) which is a hydrophilic N,N-dimethylbenzylamine carbonate compound in two forms, polar and non-polar, was used in liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME) before HPLC-DAD analysis to separate and preconcentrate Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan III, and Sudan IV dyes from food and water samples. The optimization of the microextraction process was performed by studying the effects of various parameters such as pH, SHS volume, phase transition triggering agent volume, sonication, and centrifugation times. In this study, where 300 µL SHS was used, LLME total analysis time was performed in 4.5 minutes with high recovery at pH 8.0. The SHS-LLME procedure's preconcentration factor is 50. This SHS-LPME method offers an environmentally friendly option for the extraction of Sudan dyes from food and water samples.