Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
5TH INTERNATIONAL ISTANBUL CURRENT SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CONGRESS, İstanbul, Türkiye, 1 - 03 Nisan 2024, ss.5-6
Human's ability to live a healthy life and ensure their physical development depends on an adequate and balanced diet. For an adequate and balanced diet, a daily protein intake of 70 grams is required and it is recommended that more than half of this amount should be met from animal-derived foods. About 30% of protein and fat from foods of animal origin are derived from milk and dairy products. Milk is a complex food with a rich content of protein, fats, carbohydrates and minerals, which makes it of global commercial importance. Although milk and milk products are mostly obtained from cattle, milk is also obtained from ruminant and non-ruminant farm animals such as buffalo, sheep, goats, camels, yaks, horses and donkeys. Milk which is the secretory product of mammary gland-derived epithelial cells, has also been described as a body fluid that contains abundant RNA variants. In addition, the expression level of genes affecting milk yield, milk quality and milk composition can be controlled by microRNAs (miRNAs), which are one of the sources of non-coding RNA type and epigenetic modification. miRNAs are one of the most important sources of epigenetic modification that regulate gene expression in the post-transcriptional process. Highly conserved in the evolutionary process, miRNAs belong to the non-coding RNA class and are approximately 18-23 nucleotides long. Improving milk production and milk quality has been one of the important goals of the breeding due to the importance of milk for human health. For this purpose, it is important to understand the molecular genetic mechanisms as well as environmental factors in improving milk content. There is currently limited information on the effects of miRNAs detected in mammary gland and milk on milk yield and milk composition and their specific role in the regulation of lactation. However, the advancement of research in this field will contribute to important developments in the dairy industry and to the establishment of scientific foundations that will increase milk production efficiency.