Negev Bedouin: Displacement, Forced Settlement and Conservation
Conservation and Mobile Indigenous Peoples, Displacement, Forced Settlement, and Sustainable Development, Dawn Chatty and Marcus Colchester, Editör, Berg Publishers , New York, ss.202-211, 2002
- Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Araştırma Kitabı
- Basım Tarihi: 2002
- Yayınevi: Berg Publishers
- Basıldığı Şehir: New York
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.202-211
- Editörler: Dawn Chatty and Marcus Colchester, Editör
- Erciyes Üniversitesi Adresli: Hayır
Özet
The Negev landscape is partly flat, partly hilly. Most of the area is covered with a type of loamy earth known as loess, while the hilly areas are defined as basic rock. These lands are quite poor in natural vegetation (Ben-David 1982). Climatic conditions in the Negev are generally too harsh for much plant growth, and the weather varies sharply from one year to the next. Pre- cipitation levels d,ecline moderately from north to south and more sharply from west to east, with increasing distance from the Mediterranean baromet- ric trough, in the direction of the arid regions of the Arava and Dead Sea Val- ley. Such lack of stability in precipitation, and its distribution by region and season, influence the lives of the Bedouin, and affect Negev flora and fauna. The average rainfall in the Northeastern Negev ranges from 100 to 200 mm (Even-Ari et al. 1968; Danin 1977; Abu-Rabia 1994: 8-9). Dew provides valu- able extra moisture, especially on winter days without rain, and in the very hot and dry summer season. For example, the yearly quantity of dew measured in the Negev Uplands fluctuates between 26 and 36 mm. In some years, the quantity of dew is higher than the rainfal .
he Israeli government enacted a spe- ciallaw to evacuate the Bedouin and settle them in three towns. However necessary such actions may be considered by a government faced with huge pressures on limited land resources, such a sudden upheaval in a traditional way of life cannot be viewed as other than disruptive. Although the Bedouin remain close to nature, many traditional conservation practices which pre- vented over-grazing and allowed renewal of the flora are now difficult to continue given the policies of the Israeli government.