"Şto takoye adıge şeşen i çem on otliçayetsya ot lezginki?" (po materialam polevıh issledovanii v Turtsii i ramkah proyekta Gosudarstvennogo akademiçeskogo ansamblya narodnogo tantsa Adıgei "Nalmes")


Pashtova M.

Diğer, ss.1-22, 2016

  • Yayın Türü: Diğer Yayınlar / Diğer
  • Basım Tarihi: 2016
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1-22
  • Erciyes Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

В музыкально-хореографическом репертуаре современного черкесского игрища довольно рельефно выделяется танец, на всем Северном Кавказе и далеко за его пределами известный как «лезгинка». В среде черкесов (адыгов) диаспоры народно-жанровая терминология обозначает аналогичный жанр универсальным термином ‘шьэшьэн’ (мягкий Ш, в русской транслитерации – щещен, в специальной литературе есть также форма ‘щэщэн’ [Соколова А.Н., Чундышко Н.А.]).

Культура диаспоры, для которой характерна своеобразная ментальная установка на консервацию традиции, рельефно иллюстрирует причины изменений или сохранности явлений этнохореографии, обусловленные социальной историей и структурой конкретного сообщества, особенностями музыкального инструментария и др. факторами. Особенно хорошо это прослеживается на материале дискурсивных практик о танце щещен, избранных нами в качестве предмета исследования.

The article is dedicated to the history of one of the most popular with the young Circassian diaspora dancing genres – the sheshen. The author of the article tries to research the ways of correlation between the local exhibitions of the dancing genre and the trivial terms, local folk tunes, social taboos and the precepts of a definite diaspora society  using the sheshen as an example. The purpose of the study is the synchronous description of the genre features of the endemically formed choreographic phenomenon called “adighe sheshen” (the Circassian sheshen), tracking of the universal analogues (the terminological, musical, choreographic ones), detection of its social and semantic functions in the definite local culture.

The subject f the study is the discursive practices about public merrymaking traditions, and also the context relations between the archival explorative texts and the historical sources which give the narrative description of the choreographic phenomena of the “metropolis” – the Caucasus – analogous with the sheshen. The object of the study is verbal (oral) and non-verbal texts (collected in the folklore field of Turkey and in the Internet) which actualize the information about the dance called sheshen. The field methods: the participant observation and informal conversation, the method of memory boosting established by the author of the article, the online poll. The methods of analytical processing of the materials: structural/functional, pragmatic analyses, discourse analyses. The sheshen acts as a cultural complex which equalizes people according to the rules of a public merrymaking and maintains the civilizational identity of Anatolia Circassians at the same time. The author of the article explains the reasons of some inconsistency of the deliberations about the ‘little prestige” of the sheshen and its popularity simultaneously. These conclusions would be useful for theoretical researches of the history of folklore genres, the culture of Circassian diaspora, and also for applied purposes: the ethnographical information collected by the author of the article and the complex theoretical observations data about the forms of the folk dances included in the article are published for the first time and would be interesting for specialists engaged in the searching of the traditional ethno-choreographical styles and stage performances.

Keywords: ethno-choreography, Circassians, Adyghes, diaspora, Uzun-Yayla, dance, sheshen, aristocracy, etiquette.