Factors Affecting the Tissue Damaging Consequences of Viral Infections

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Sumbria D., Berber E., Rouse B. T.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY, vol.10, 2019 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Review
  • Volume: 10
  • Publication Date: 2019
  • Doi Number: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02314
  • Journal Name: FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Keywords: viral infection, immunopathology, outcome of past and concomitant infections, influence of microbiome and virome, therapeutic management of infections, HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS, REGULATORY T-CELLS, ZIKA VIRUS, ROTAVIRUS INFECTION, DENGUE VIRUS, MEDIATED INFLAMMATION, HETEROLOGOUS IMMUNITY, ANTIBIOTIC-TREATMENT, INTESTINAL VIROME, INFLUENZA
  • Erciyes University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Humans and animals are infected by multiple endogenous and exogenous viruses but few agents cause overt tissue damage. We review the circumstances which favor overt disease expression. These can include intrinsic virulence of the agent, new agents acquired from heterologous species, the circumstances of infection such as dose and route, current infection with other agents which includes the composition of the microbiome at mucosal and other sites, past history of exposure to other infections as well as the immune status of the host. We also briefly discuss promising therapeutic strategies that can expand immune response patterns that minimize tissue damaging responses to viral infections.