Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Wireless Networks, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Data transmission is the most energy-intensive activity in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Minimizing energy dissipation can therefore be achieved by reducing both the number of transmissions and the overall transmission distance. Organizing nodes into clusters offers a solution by facilitating multi-hop communication through Cluster Heads (CHs), leading to lower overall energy consumption. In this paper, we propose a novel clustering protocol for energy efficiency and network lifetime enhancement in WSNs using the Chernobyl Disaster Optimizer (CDO). The CDO-based clustering protocol (CDOC) employs a two-step approach to achieve optimal cluster formation. First, the initial CHs are selected based on their location and the desired number of CHs. Then, this selection is optimized using an enhanced CDO algorithm. The CH selection mechanism relies on a weighted fitness function that combines three key parameters: the residual energy of nodes, their distance to the base station (BS), and their local neighbor density. This composite fitness function ensures a more balanced and energy-aware distribution of CHs across the network. The obtained results demonstrate significant improvements in network lifetime, energy efficiency, and throughput compared to well-established clustering protocols like LEACH, SEP, FIGWO, PSO-ECHS and COABC. These findings validate the effectiveness of the CDOC protocol in improving network stability and reducing overall energy consumption in WSNs.