The effect of hydroglycerolic extraction on biofunctional characteristics of yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) flowers: An optimization study using simplex lattice mixture design approach

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Çiftçi B., Karaman K., Ilbas A. I., Kaplan M.

6th International Eurasian Conference on Biological and Chemical Sciences (EurasianBioChem 2023), Ankara, Türkiye, 11 - 13 Ekim 2023, ss.66

  • Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Özet Bildiri
  • Basıldığı Şehir: Ankara
  • Basıldığı Ülke: Türkiye
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.66
  • Erciyes Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Abstract

Yarrow is a flowering plant in the family of Asteraceae and it is considered one of the oldest medicinal plants.

Yarrow extracts are used as a remedy for some diseases in phototherapy because of its high bioactivity. It

contains many bioactive constituents and it shows high antioxidant capacity. In this research, hydroglycerolic

extraction was performed to produce green extract and its some bioactive properties were characterized. For

this purpose, three different solvents namely ethanol, glycerol and water were used in the extraction and

simplex lattice mixture design was used to determine the effects of the sole or mixed solvent effects on the

studied parameters such as total phenolic and flavonoid, antiradical and antioxidant activities. Total phenolic

content of sole water, ethanol and glycerol extracts was determined as 12.81, 2.92 and 9.17 mg GAE/g,

respectively while the total flavonoid content ranged between 3.76-19.35 mg QE/g. The linear effects of the

used solvent were determined to be significant (p<0.05) on both total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The

constructed regression equations for total phenolic and flavonoid contents showed good fitting ability with

quite high coefficient of determination (R2>0.850). The solvent effects on studied antioxidant and antiradical

activities were also significant. The optimization procedure of the mixture design revealed that the highest

total phenolic content (19.64 mg GAE/g) would be obtained by the extraction of water, ethanol and glycerol

mixture at 52.58, 6.35 and 41.04% while the minimum levels would be observed by sole ethanol (2.42 mg

GAE/g). The recorded results showed that the yarrow could be extracted by the mixture of water and glycerol

and hydroglycerolic extraction of yarrow samples showed superior bioactive properties.

Keywords: yarrow, glycerol, bioactivity, simplex lattice mixture design, optimization

Note: This study has been supported by Erciyes University Scientific Research Projects Unit with FBA-

2020-10122 code.