Morphological traits, genetic diversity and association mapping of Palaz hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) germplasm: a valuable resource for future breeding
Euphytica, cilt.222, sa.10, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 222 Sayı: 10
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s10681-026-03802-w
- Dergi Adı: Euphytica
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Natural Science Collection (ProQuest), Biomedical Reference Collection: Corporate Edition (EBSCO)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Germplasm, GLM, Hazelnut, Heritability, Nut, Yield
- Erciyes Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
This study aimed to determine the yield, nut traits, and genetic diversity of promising and phenotypically distinct Palaz hazelnut clones, as well as the markers associated with these traits. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the yield and nut traits could effectively explain the variability among the Palaz clones, which exhibited wide variation in terms of morphological traits. Broad-sense heritability was determined to range from 0.18 (rotten kernel) to 0.99 (trunk cross-sectional area). Key agronomic traits, including husk length (h2= 0.87), yield efficiency (h2 = 0.86), nut yield per plant (h2 = 0.83) and nuts per cluster (h2 = 0.73), revealed strong genetic control and high selection efficiency, independent of environmental factors. Molecular characterization using ISSR and SRAP markers identified 95 loci, 89 of which were polymorphic. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) effectively distinguished between the clones, especifically P-3 and P-19. These clones were genetically different from the standard Palaz variety and the other clones. This indicates that they probably have been originated from a seedling. Of these, P3 yielded notable results in terms of yield and nut traits. It can be used to develop new varieties in hazelnut breeding programs. The marker-trait relationships identified in the association mapping are preliminary and are not ready to be used in breeding programs. In conclusion, the obtained data will be a valuable resource for future breeding efforts and contribute to the conservation and sustainability of hazelnut genetic resources.