Evaluation of genetic diversity of two-row barley by tissue culture potential
GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION, vol.72, no.8, pp.9327-9340, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Publication Type: Article / Article
- Volume: 72 Issue: 8
- Publication Date: 2025
- Doi Number: 10.1007/s10722-025-02502-z
- Journal Name: GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION
- Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, Geobase
- Page Numbers: pp.9327-9340
- Keywords: Barley, Heritability, Genetic resources, Tissue culture, Regeneration
- Erciyes University Affiliated: Yes
Abstract
This study examined tissue culture responses and genetic variability among 25 two-row barley genotypes preserved in the Osman Tosun Gene Bank, including both T & uuml;rkiye landraces and foreign-origin genotypes, with the objective of optimizing genetic resources for barley breeding programs. Key tissue culture parameters - callus induction rate, callus weight, regeneration capacity, and culture efficiency-were evaluated to access how diversity of genotypes influences tissue culture outcomes. Results revealed significant variation across all traits. Genotypes 77 and 1972 achieved the highest callus induction rates (100%), while genotype Zeynela & gbreve;a exhibited the lowest (57.5%). Genotype 417 showed superior regeneration capacity (81.9%), and culture efficiency was highest in genotypes Standard Cultivar 138 (90.0%) and 1972 (70.0%). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated that the first two principal components accounted for 87.84% of the variance in tissue culture responses, providing valuable insights into genotype relationships and trait performance. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed four distinct groups, with Cluster 1 displaying the highest mean performance across traits. Collectively, these findings underscore the role of diversity of genotypes in enhancing tissue culture efficiency and plant regeneration. High-performing genotypes, including 77, 1972, 417, and standard cultivar 138, show considerable promise for biotechnological applications and future barley crop improvement initiatives.