ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH, cilt.29, sa.31, ss.47502-47515, 2022 (SCI-Expanded)
Given the importance of energy efficiency in environmental degradation, the effects of energy efficiency and renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption on global environmental pollution were investigated. For this purpose, panel data from 107 countries from 1996 to 2014 were examined. In addition, the present study also tested the well-known environmental Kuznets curve (EKC). The long-run relations were estimated by applying a panel quantile regression (PQR) approach, which is useful for finding heterogeneous effects at lower- and upper-level quantiles of CO2 emissions. The empirical results indicated that energy efficiency had a significantly negative impact on CO2 emissions with low intensity at higher-level quantiles.