Phytochemical profiling and bioactivity ofRhaponticoides mykalea:<i>α</i>-glucosidase inhibition, apoptosis-associated cytotoxicity, andin silicomolecular insights
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1002/jsfa.71136
- Dergi Adı: JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Periodicals Index Online, BIOSIS, Chemical Abstracts Core, EMBASE, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, INSPEC, MEDLINE, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Natural Science Collection (ProQuest), Biomedical Reference Collection: Corporate Edition (EBSCO)
- Erciyes Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
BACKGROUND Rhaponticoides mykalea is an endemic species with limited data on its phytochemistry and biological activity. The aqueous ethanol extract (700 mL L-1, v/v) of the aerial parts and its n-hexane, ethyl acetate (RPEtAc), n-butanol, and water fractions were evaluated for enzyme inhibition, antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis-related effects, together with LC-HRMS profiling and molecular docking/MM-GBSA analysis.RESULTS Among the samples, RPEtAc showed the highest total phenolic (273.49 +/- 3.80 mg GAE g-1) and flavonoid (175.45 +/- 2.53 mg CE g-1) contents and the strongest DPPH, FRAP, and CUPRAC activities. It was the most active alpha-glucosidase inhibitor (IC 50 = 128.78 +/- 2.57 mu g mL-1), exceeding acarbose (209.21 +/- 1.32 mu g mL-1) under the assay conditions, and the most cytotoxic fraction toward RL95-2 endometrial cancer cells (IC 50 = 15.35 +/- 0.68 mu g mL-1, 48 h), increasing caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. LC-HRMS identified phenolic acids (chlorogenic, vanillic, ferulic, and 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acids) and flavonoid derivatives. In silico, flavonoid glycosides detected in RPEtAc (quercetin 3-rutinoside 7-glucoside, narcissin, isoquercitrin) showed favorable predicted MM-GBSA binding at the BCL-2 BH3 groove, and quercetin, narcissin, and rutin at the alpha-glucosidase site.CONCLUSION The ethyl acetate fraction of R. mykalea aerial parts is a phenolic-rich fraction with antioxidant, alpha-glucosidase inhibitory, and apoptosis-associated cytotoxic activity demonstrated at the fraction level. The docking results provide computational support only and require experimental validation with isolated compounds. (c) 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.