Development of eco-friendly flame retardant TPU composites with organic phosphinate and melamine phytate

Aydemir A., Altınay J. S., Özmen Ö., Yılmaz E., Üstüntağ S., Doğan M.

Polymer Bulletin, cilt.82, sa.16, ss.11123-11136, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 82 Sayı: 16
  • Basım Tarihi: 2025
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s00289-025-05967-1
  • Dergi Adı: Polymer Bulletin
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, PASCAL, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Compendex, INSPEC
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.11123-11136
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Bio-based thermoplastic polyurethane, Aluminum diethyl phosphinate, Melamine phytate, Flame retardant
  • Erciyes Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

In this study, eco-friendly flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites were developed using aluminum diethyl phosphinate (AlPi) and melamine phytate (MPht) with different ratios. The materials were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 vertical burning tests, and mass loss calorimetry (MLC). The results revealed that MPht acted as an adjuvant filler with AlPi with enhanced flame-retardant properties. The highest LOI value of 30% and UL-94 V rating of V0 were obtained at AlPi to MPht ratio of 5:1. The presence of MPht also reduced the peak heat release rate (pHRR), total heat evolved (THE), and effective heat of combustion (EHC), indicating its adjuvant effect with AlPi in the condensed and gas phases. Ultimately, integrating MPht into AlPi in bio-based TPU composites provided a sustainable and effective flame retardant solution.