Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
International Congress on Multidisciplinary Studies, Iğdır, Türkiye, 6 - 07 Kasım 2018, cilt.3, ss.2032-2039
Natural wastewater treatment systems, so
called as “constructed wetlands - CWS” have started to be commonly used for
domestic wastewater treatment purposes especially in small communities and
villages of Turkey. Wastewater effluents of sewage systems are discharged into
specially-designed wetland basins filled with different substrate materials and
planted with emergent aquatic species. Various pollution parameters (BOD, COD,
TSS, pH, EC, N) are reliably eliminated by passing wastewater effluents through
these specially designed treatment systems. However, sufficient phosphorus
removal has not been achieved, yet in these systems. Domestic wastewaters
general have quite high phosphorus levels. When they were not sufficiently
treated and then discharged into water bodies, they create serious
eutrophication problems in water resources. The biggest problem in finding the
optimal substrate for P removal lies in the fact that P accumulation in a
wetland is a finite process and once saturated, the substrate has to be
replaced. In addition, the materials are often placed in a CWS without
investigation of their physical and chemical properties prior to construction.
Therefore, the most appropriate material to be used has
yet to be found. Absorption is the
primary phosphorus removal mechanism from the wastewater. Thus, absorptive
highly porous substrate materials have been used to improve phosphorus removals
levels. Naturally occurring materials including soils, sands and clays,
naturally occurring aggregates and other natural materials, processed and
modified minerals and various other waste materials are used to provide
absorptive surfaces for phosphorus. In this study, phosphorus removal capacity
of various substrate materials was assessed and recommendations were provided
for reliable phosphorus removal from domestic wastewater effluents.