Effects of ultrasound pre-treatment assisted drying methods on drying characteristics, physical and bioactive properties of windfall apples

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Çetin N., Sağlam C.

JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE, cilt.103, sa.2, ss.534-547, 2023 (SCI-Expanded)

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 103 Sayı: 2
  • Basım Tarihi: 2023
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1002/jsfa.12164
  • Dergi Adı: JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Periodicals Index Online, Aerospace Database, Agricultural & Environmental Science Database, Analytical Abstracts, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, Communication Abstracts, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, INSPEC, Metadex, Pollution Abstracts, Veterinary Science Database, DIALNET, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.534-547
  • Erciyes Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

BACKGROUND

Drying is one of the most important post-harvest processes in order to ensure that the products harvested in certain periods are consumed throughout the year. In this study, Golden Delicious, Oregon Spur and Granny Smith apple cultivars (fallen apples) were dried in open-sun, controlled greenhouse, microwave oven (200W), hybrid system (100W+60°C), convective dryer (70°C) and freeze-dryer (-55°C) with and without ultrasound pre-treatments.

RESULTS

Present findings revealed that the longest drying duration was observed in freeze-drying and the shortest in microwave drying. The greatest color change (ΔE) was observed in ultrasound pre-treated Oregon Spur apples dried in controlled greenhouse. The greatest total phenolics (40.08 mg GAE g-1), DPPH inhibition activity (46.96 %), FRAP antioxidant activity (68.01 μg trolox g-1) and ascorbic acid content (1.52 mg AAE g-1) were observed in open sun-dried Granny Smith apples without ultrasound pre-treatment.

CONCLUSIONS

Generally, microwave and hybrid drying yielded better outcomes for bioactive, HMF and drying characteristics of windfall apples.