Novel ZnCr2O4@NDs nanocomposite for dispersive μ-solid phase extraction of nickel, cobalt, and cadmium in water, herbal tea, and fruit juice samples


Jahani A., Shirani M., SALAMAT Q., Sheydaei M., SOYLAK M.

Microchemical Journal, cilt.227, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 227
  • Basım Tarihi: 2026
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.microc.2026.118736
  • Dergi Adı: Microchemical Journal
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Index Islamicus, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO)
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Dispersive μ-solid phase extraction, Fruit juice, Heavy metals, Herbal tea, Nanodiamonds, Spinel oxide
  • Erciyes Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

In this study, zinc chromite spinel oxide (ZnCr2O4) modified activated nanodiamonds (ZnCr2O4@NDs), as a new generation of carbon-based nanocomposites, were synthesized and characterized. To assess the accuracy of the structure, some techniques such as Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction, and Tunneling Electron Microscopy were utilized. Application of ZnCr2O4 nanodiamonds with dispersive μ-solid phase extraction (DμSPE) before flow injection analysis coupled microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometry (FIA-MP-AES) presented significant results for preconcentration/separation and determination of trace and ultra-trace levels of nickel, cadmium, and cobalt ions. The linear ranges of 0.05–1000 (μg Kg−1) for tap water, green tea, and chamomile, and 0.05–750 (μg Kg−1) for Hallilroud river and thyme, 0.05–500 (μg Kg−1) for black tea, apple juice, and peach juice for Co2+, Cd2+, and Ni2+. The LOD values of 0.0150–0.0155 (μg Kg−1) were obtained for nickel, cobalt, and cadmium. The intra-day precision (repeatability) and the inter-day precision (reproducibility) (%) were ≤ 2.5 and ≤ 2.9, respectively. The applicability of the method was explored in water, herbal teas, and fruit juice samples, which represented recoveries (%) of 88.0–100.0. Furthermore, application of BAGI, AGREE, AGREEprep, and CaFRI metric tools ratified the greenness of the method.