ZnS@ZIF-8@Chitosan nanocomposite for microextraction of Pb(II) in tobacco and cigarette samples
Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, cilt.103, sa.7, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 103 Sayı: 7
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.jics.2026.102688
- Dergi Adı: Journal of the Indian Chemical Society
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Chemical Abstracts Core, EMBASE
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Chitosan, Ecotoxicological monitoring, Food safety, Lead (II), MOF, Nanocomposite
- Erciyes Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
In this work, we have fabricated a novel ZnS@ZIF-8@Chitosan nanocomposite to measure Pb(II) and used it in a rapid, clean, and solvent-efficient vortex-assisted dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction (VA-D-MSPE) procedure, followed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The material was examined by XRD, FTIR, and SEM/EDX, confirming the successful incorporation of ZnS and ZIF-8 structures into the chitosan matrix. This amalgamation provided surface functional groups, giving the material a strong affinity for capturing lead ions. We carefully optimized experimental factors, including pH, sorbent amount, and extraction and desorption times. Under these conditions, the method delivered a very low detection limit of 0.013 μg L−1, a high preconcentration factor of 70, and a wide linear range up to 1400 μg L−1 (R2 = 0.9975) with high selectivity. Validation with certified reference materials yielded excellent recoveries of 99.5% for solid samples and 98.0% for liquid samples, confirming the method's accuracy. To evaluate environmental impact, several green-chemistry assessment tools, such as AGREE, BAGI, RAPI, and VIGI, were applied to this study, validating that the procedure is highly sustainable and methodologically innovative. This VA-D-μ-SPE–FAAS approach offers a dependable, greener alternative for routine trace-level analysis of Pb(II) in tobacco and cigarette products, as well as in a variety of environmental samples.