Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Transplantation Proceedings, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
This study aims to compare the effects of rifaximin and levofloxacin prophylaxis in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) on the development of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), length of hospital stay, engraftment duration, initiation of broad-spectrum antibiotics, incidence of febrile neutropenia, relapse rates, readmission periods, and transplant-related mortality. A total of 116 patients aged over 18 who underwent allogeneic HSCT between 2018 and 2022 were included. Exclusion criteria included the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics on the day of transplantation. Of these, 58 patients received rifaximin, and 58 received levofloxacin as prophylaxis. Levofloxacin was associated with a significantly lower incidence of febrile neutropenia in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) compared to rifaximin (P = .017). Among other patient groups, levofloxacin prophylaxis also resulted in a lower fever incidence (P = .031). Levofloxacin demonstrated greater efficacy than rifaximin in reducing the incidence of transition to broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy (P = .008). Among the 116 patients, 54 were readmitted within the first 100 days post-transplantation. Among these, the predominant reason for readmission was infection, followed by graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The use of levofloxacin prophylaxis was linked to a remarkably lower rate of readmissions (P = .004). In patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), levofloxacin also showed a significant advantage in terms of readmission rates. Moreover, individuals who received levofloxacin for prophylaxis experienced reduced mortality rates (P = .011).