Gene regulation by antisense transcription: A focus on neurological and cancer diseases

Najafi S., Tan S. C., Raee P., Rahmati Y., Asemani Y., Lee E. H. C., ...Daha Fazla

BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY, cilt.145, 2022 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Derleme
  • Cilt numarası: 145
  • Basım Tarihi: 2022
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112265
  • Dergi Adı: BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, EMBASE, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, MEDLINE, Veterinary Science Database
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Antisense RNA, Cancer, Long non-coding RNA, Neurodegenerative diseases, Therapeutic targets
  • Erciyes Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Advances in high-throughput sequencing over the past decades have led to the identification of thousands of non coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which play a major role in regulating gene expression. One emerging class of ncRNAs is the natural antisense transcripts (NATs), the RNA molecules transcribed from the opposite strand of a protein coding gene locus. NATs are known to concordantly and discordantly regulate gene expression in both cis and trans manners at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and epigenetic levels. Aberrant expression of NATs can therefore cause dysregulation in many biological pathways and has been observed in many genetic diseases. This review outlines the involvements and mechanisms of NATs in the pathogenesis of various diseases, with a special emphasis on neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. We also summarize recent findings on NAT knockdown and/or overexpression experiments and discuss the potential of NATs as promising targets for future gene therapies.