Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
International Congress on Multidisciplinary Studies, Iğdır, Türkiye, 6 - 07 Kasım 2018, cilt.2, ss.1203-1210
While
conventional wastewater treatment systems are commonly used in cities and
towns, natural wastewater treatment systems (constructed wetlands) are used for
small communities and single dwellings. Constructed wetlands bring about
various advantages over the conventional ones like quite cheaper construction,
operation and maintenance costs, low or no energy requirements, no need for
professionals and etc. In Turkey, such systems are especially used in villages.
Generally, state-planned systems are constructed and transferred to village
judicial authority. Pilot projects designed for certain populations are used in
constructions. However, implemented projects have common failures most of the
time since they do not take local geography, extreme climate conditions and
wastewater characteristics into consideration. Pilot projects are designed just
based on population and average wastewater characteristics. In this study,
common failures experienced in natural treatments systems constructed in
Kayseri province of Turkey were assessed through site visits to investigated
systems. The common failures were
classified as: failures in site selection, inlet clogging, substrate clogging
and consequent water ponding over the surface, outlet clogging, leakage through
slopes, plantation failures and failures in operation and maintenance. It was
concluded that instead of using pilot projects, local conditions (topography,
climate, wastewater characteristics) should be taken into consideration while
designing a wastewater treatment system for a certain place. Recommendations
were also provided to prevent or rehabilitate such failures experienced in
natural treatment systems.