Neurological Manifestations and Comorbidities in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients: Multicenter Study


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BÜLBÜL N. G., ATMACA M. M., KARŞIDAĞ S., ATEŞ M. F., SELBEST B., EREN F., ...More

Journal of clinical practice and research, vol.46, no.4, pp.391-398, 2024 (Peer-Reviewed Journal) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 46 Issue: 4
  • Publication Date: 2024
  • Doi Number: 10.14744/cpr.2024.94593
  • Journal Name: Journal of clinical practice and research
  • Journal Indexes: TR DİZİN (ULAKBİM)
  • Page Numbers: pp.391-398
  • Keywords: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), neurological symptoms, mortality, prognosis, comorbidity
  • Erciyes University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Objective: The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, responsible for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, originated in China and swiftly spread globally, resulting in significant mortality worldwide. We aimed to create an overview of the significant symptoms, clinical indicators, and concurrent comorbidities observed in COVID-19 patients that require hospitalization and neurology consultation, adversely affecting the severe course of the disease and leading to mortality. Materials and Methods: We designed our study as a multicenter and cross-sectional survey, which was conducted with patients hospitalized in seven medical centers in Türkiye over six months. Results: A cohort of 504 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were included in the study. In terms of the complaints at the time of admission, high fever (48%), cough (45%), sore throat (23%), and diarrhea (9%) were the most common symptoms expressed by the patients. The most commonly observed symptoms included myalgia (55%), headache (46%), loss of taste (46%), and loss of smell (39%). Furthermore, 68 patients (13.5%) within the cohort had a history of neurological diseases, distributed as follows: cerebrovascular attack (4%), migraine (2.8%), extrapyramidal disease (1.8%), dementia (1%), polyneuropathy (1%), epilepsy (0.6%), and demyelinating disease (0.6%). In the logistic regression analysis, key factors affecting mortality were identified as body mass index and age. Conclusion: The most common complaints in COVID-19 patients were high fever and sore throat. Fatigue, myalgia, headache, loss of smell, and taste were the most common symptoms. Accompanying comorbid diseases increased the severity of COVID-19 disease. Advanced age and body mass index were effective factors on mortality.