Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Akınsal E. C. (Yürütücü), Baydilli N., Baş O., Öçsoy İ.
TÜBİTAK Projesi, 1002 - Hızlı Destek Programı, 2024 - 2025
Bladder cancer ranks tenth among the most common types of cancer worldwide and second among urogenital system tumors. Bladder cancers are generally non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), while approximately one-third are muscle-invasive or metastatic types of cancer. Cystoscopy and cytological examination of urine are considered the gold standard methods for the diagnosis of bladder cancer and the follow-up of CIS. Although cystoscopy is an invasive and costly procedure, it carries risks of urinary tract infection and urinary trauma complications. Other disadvantages include the need for equipment, trained personnel, appropriate physical conditions, sterilization, and even anesthesia in some cases. For these reasons, scientists are searching for alternative methods for the diagnosis and follow-up of bladder cancer. To this end, numerous studies have been conducted on various urine biomarkers. An ideal biomarker for accurate diagnosis should have high accuracy rates in diagnosis, be quick and easy to apply, not be affected by additional conditions such as infection or hematuria, be inexpensive, and non-invasive. Cytokeratin (CK) is among the biomarkers that are thought to be present in higher amounts in the urine of bladder cancer patients and can be measured using various methods. Cytokeratin 8 and 18 can be quantitatively detected in urine using monoclonal antibodies. Nanoparticles, nanotubes, and nanowires, which are among the rapidly developing nanotechnology products, exhibit ideal properties for many new diagnostic test platforms for biomedical applications. For this reason, they are frequently preferred in these diagnostic tests. In the proposed project, SK18, which is among the bladder cancer biomarkers, is detected using plasmonic nanosensors. For this purpose, magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized and used in antibody conjugation. The activity of the glucose oxidase enzyme bound to the polyclonal antibody was detected as a result of the antibody-protein interaction that occurs in the presence of SK18. The hydrogen peroxide produced as a result of enzymatic activity causes corrosion in the gold (Au) nanorods in the environment. Due to the unique plasmonic properties of Au nanorods, a color change occurs depending on the degree of corrosion. The obtained colorimetric color change is analyzed using color image processing techniques, providing the advantage of not requiring expensive equipment for analysis. Keywords: Cytokeratin 18, plasmonic nanosensor, colorimetric detection