Geçmişten Günümüze Afganistan'da Şiilik


Tezin Türü: Yüksek Lisans

Tezin Yürütüldüğü Kurum: Erciyes Üniversitesi, İlahiyat Fakültesi, Temel islam Bilimleri, Türkiye

Tezin Onay Tarihi: 2022

Tezin Dili: Türkçe

Öğrenci: Humaıra MUDAQEQ

Danışman: Yusuf Benli

Özet:

This thesis titled as "Shiism in Afghanistan from Past to Present" aims to investigate the past and present of Shiism in Afghanistan in general terms, and to determine the change and differentiation of Shiism in this geography by tracking its process. The subject of the thesis has been examined with respect to the principles of scientific methodology of History of Islamic Sects.

The geography of Afghanistan has been constantly exposed to foreign interventions in the past and still is today, and has been subject to tension and stability problems. In terms of historical experience, the relationship of this region with Shi'ism, which should be the subject of scientific research in all aspects, should have also been examined. Although some scientific studies have been carried out on the subject, it is obvious that more comprehensive studies are needed.

The phenomenon of Shiism in the history and society of Afghanistan emerged as the manifestation of Shia, which is shaped in Iraqi region, in the historical Khorasan region. Although the majority of the Afghan Shia are members of the Imamiya-Isnaasheriya sect, there are also small communities belonging to the Ismalism in certain regions. In the historical process, Shiites have probably preserved their existence by living in a closed society structure in the remote and mountainous regions of Afghanistan. The fact that Afghan Shiites belong to certain ethnic communities and exist with the spirit of ethnic and sectarian solidarity has also contributed to their survival for centuries.

In the historical process, Imamiya-Isnaasheriya has been supported and strengthened with the help of activities and policies of the dominant Shiite rulers in the region such as, Ilkhanate, Safavids and Qajars to spread Shiism in the region. Shiite communities, which have had problems with Sunni governments from time to time in Afghanistan, have also, especially recently, got into more effective relations with Iranian Shiites. Shiite communities continued on their path with the leadership of the Shiite scholars from Afghanistan, who were educated in the Shiite science basins in Iran and Iraq.

The Afghan Shiite community has also been affected by the migration to neighboring countries due to the occupation and internal conflicts in Afghanistan. Especially the Afghan Shiites who took refuge in Iran are dependent on the Iranian administration under the control and influence of the Iranian government. Therefore, Iranian policies are in a decisive position on the Afghan Shiites.