Sığırlarda Theileria annulata enfeksiyonunda nitrik oksit düzeylerinin belirlenmesi

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Thesis Type: Postgraduate

Institution Of The Thesis: Erciyes University, Veteriner Fakültesi, Klinik Öncesi Bilimler, Turkey

Approval Date: 2005

Thesis Language: Turkish

Student: BERRİN AYERDEM

Supervisor: Abdullah İnci

Abstract:

DETERMINATION OF NITRIC OXIDE LEVELS IN THEİLERÎA ANNULATA INFECTION IN CATTLE ABSTRACT This is the first field study that was carried out to determine the nitric oxide (NO) levels of the cattle infected with Theileria annulata. This study was performed in Yeşilhisar and İncesu districts of Kayseri where T. annulata is enzootic. A total of 120 cattle were used in this study. Animals were divided into 7 groups as vaccinated, healty (group 1); vaccinated, infected, treated (group 2); vaccinated, infected, not treated (group 3); unvaccinated, healty (group 4); unvaccinated, infected, treated (group 5); unvaccinated, infected, not treated (group 6) and control (grup 7). Blood samples and ticks were collected from the animals. Infection of T. annulata was determined by microscopical (ME), serological (IF AT) and molecular (PCR, RLB) examinations of blood samples. Ticks that were collected from the animals were identified and examined for the T. annulata infection. Lymphocytes were isolated by buffy-coat method. Nitrite levels as indicator of Nitric oxide were with spectrophotometrically determined with a colorimetric method using Griess reagent. The tick infestations were detected in 38 (%3 1.6) out of 120 cattle. Adult ixodid tick collected from the infested cattle, were identified as Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum, H. maginatum, H. detritum, H. a. excavatum. Twenty percent of H. a. anatolicum were found to be naturally infected. Morbidity was 53.33 % by ME, 60.00 % by IFAT, 50.00 % by RLB, and no statistically significant difference was found between these methods (P>0.05). Fourteen (36.84 %) out of 38 unvaccinated infected cattle with T annulata. There was no statistically significant differences between the animals in control group and vaccinated or unvaccinated healty animals for NO and PCV levels while NO levels increased and PCV decreased in vaccinated or unvaccinated, treated or not treated infected animals with T. annulata. The results of this study have shown that infection of macrophages with T. annulata resulted in induction of NO production compared to uninfected cells and shown that although NO enchances host immunity, it can also be destructive for the host. Key words: Theileria annulata infection, cattle, Nitric Oxide NO